examples - uneven development - AP Human Geography - 9 Name_____ Connections: Diffusion Assimilation Acculturation . But why is this the case? Example: use this on car production, The idea that there's a core and periphery for the countries of the world. Business development is still very uneven within the UK, because of local transaction costs, variations in institutional thickness, agglomeration, external and urbanization economies, and the continued importance of face-to-face contacts. Warm climates make diseases like malaria or dengue fever more common, causing sickness, and reducing the workforce, limiting economic growth. Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country. Development" section in the AP Human Geography Course Description, which includes "accounts of . It is usually used to measure income inequality, but can be used to measure any form of uneven distribution. The SDGs are relevant to all countries and are intended to guide global development efforts towards a more sustainable and equitable future. What are some consequences of uneven development? (MDCs) Provide some kind of service. Examples include the Maasai Mara in Kenya, the Amazon rainforest in South America, and the Borneo rainforest in Malaysia. The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe the division of the world into three segments. Economic gains can then vary, and economic growth is therefore relatively unreliable. Each goal is accompanied by a set of specific targets and indicators to help measure progress. Example: Canada. Uneven nature of growth creates a spatial gap . Examples include Yellowstone National Park in the United States, Serengeti National Park in Tanzania, and Galapagos National Park in Ecuador. In 2017, the United States had a Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of over $19 trillion, compared to the Central African Republic, with a GDP of $1.95 billion. The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe___________. A language, on the other hand, is a standardized system of communication that is used by a community of speakers who share a common linguistic history. Standard of living is the amount of wealth or goods that people have. For example, as populations grow, more water may be used for irrigation, leading to increased depletion of water resources. What demographic equation is used to determine natural increase? Example: USA, The percentage of a country's people who can read and write. Natural disasters lcan cause deaths, and are expensive to recover from infrastructurally. For example, as more people consume goods and services, the production and disposal of waste can lead to increased pollution. Ecotourism can provide economic opportunities for these communities and help to preserve their cultural traditions. Here are some examples of border clashes between nations of the core and the periphery: The growing fence between the U.S. (core) and Mexico (periphery) to prevent the entrance of unauthorized immigrants. These factories are often located in border regions, such as the maquiladoras located in Tijuana and Ciudad Jurez, which are near the border with the United States. Answer: A nation refers to a group of people who share a common culture, history, and identity, while a state is a political entity with defined territorial boundaries and a permanent population. of the users don't pass the Uneven Development quiz! Traditional economy: A traditional economy is one that is based on customs, traditions, and the way of life that has been followed for generations. One example of a policy designed to promote sustainable development in the face of population growth is the implementation of renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar power, which can reduce reliance on non-renewable resources and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. It is a holistic approach that considers the social, economic, and environmental impacts of development and seeks to balance these three pillars in a way that is equitable and sustainable over the long term. For example, as populations grow, more people may move to urban areas, leading to increased social isolation and changes in community dynamics. Turns natural resource into something else (product for sale). *Usually carried out by governments or international organisations, locals are not consulted. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. For example, the presence of migrant communities can lead to greater cultural exchange and diversity, but it can also lead to tensions around issues such as language or religion. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. To help you organize your studies, we've provided concise summaries and key terms for each AP Human Geography unit. The Trans Atlantic slave trade caused uneven development as the African continent was bled of its human resources. look up the value of Student's ttt in Appendix D for the stated level of confidence. What are some of the economic causes of uneven development? Industrialization consumer goods more affordable and available, Railroads increased circulation of goods, people, and ideas, Demand for raw materials increased, new sources acquired by steamship, Women gained economic power with opportunities in factories, Countries develop with more trade and more knowledge of economics, Development should be sustainable to prevent depletion of limited natural resources. NICs do secondary. *Involves more local communities and local workers. It can take place in a variety of settings, such as wetlands, forests, and coastal areas, and can provide opportunities to learn about the behavior and ecology of different bird species. 2. For example, life expectancy in the UK in 2019 was 81.20 years old. 4) Drive to maturity - New ideas and technology improve and replace older industries, economic growth spreads throughout the country. Answer: A supranational organization is an organization that operates above the level of individual states and has the power to make decisions that affect its member states. Examples include the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador, and the Maldives. Create and find flashcards in record time. Pretax accounting income for 2016 was$45 million. Determine the costs assigned to the ending inventory when costs are assigned based on FIFO. (G) For a multinational state facing the realities of devolution, explain why a government would choose to create an autonomous region or choose to maintain a unitary state. A country that isn't very powerful, nor weak. Cities have wealthier people and a larger middle class in China and Japan, for example. It is also a domestic source of energy that can reduce a country's dependence on foreign sources of fossil fuels. This results in uneven development globally. The consequences of uneven development can be observed clearly by. It is characterized by a mix of private enterprise and government control. Sell the product from secondary, also - the provision of goods and services to people in exchange for payment, such as lawyer, doctor. Physical causes of uneven development include climate, natural resource curse theory, and being landlocked. The development level of a country can be shown using development indicators, income labels or the development continuum. Which of the following regions has a high population density but a low level of economic development? g. Law of Demand Students examine contemporary spatial patterns of industrialization and the resulting geography of uneven developmentfor example, the differences between urban and rural China or Brazil. hbbd```b``> "I0&HveL~`:LGMs\9 R*_" H4P$zEA"_00120M "?c in tandem. when one country gives something to another country. - Added later to the model. 2: Antilia Tower (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mumbai_03-2016_19_Antilia_Tower.jpg) by A. Savin (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:A.Savin) Liense type: Free Art License (http://artlibre.org/licence/lal/en/). What causes changes in the economic world? This can result in higher disease rates, causing sickness and death. A contemporary pull factor for migration is the availability of job opportunities in a particular country. Development is vastly uneven, with some countries being highly developed, while others suffer the consequences of low development. Uneven development results in differences in wealth across the world. At December 31, 2015, the book value of the building was$30 million and its tax basis was $20 million. Industrialization, from ancient history to now, has helped power improvements in standards of living in periphery countries, but it has also contributed to geographically uneven development in semi-periphery countries. Governments are often challenged by the devolutionary factors that challenge state sovereignty. Removing large debts that have built up over time. Examples: lawyers, scientific companies, etc. Economic growth is vital for understanding development as a whole. Cultural and historical sites: These are sites that are significant for their cultural, historical, or archeological value and can provide opportunities for ecotourism activities such as heritage tours and cultural experiences. AP Human Geography: Practice Tests and Flashcards, The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe, People in the poorest parts of the world are primarily engaged in, Most of the people in wealthy countries are employed in, In the Core-Periphery Model the semi-periphery includes all of the following except, The back-wash effect can be best described as. Uneven development describes the way development differs across the world, and takes place at different speeds. D) Describe two environmental consequences of urbanization, providing an example of each. Most fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal are considered nonrenewable resources in that their use is not sustainable because their formation takes billions of years. Some popular destinations for ecotourism include: National parks and protected areas: These are protected areas of land and sea that are managed to conserve their natural beauty, biodiversity, and cultural values. energy replaced continually within a human lifespan, has an essentially unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by people. It is important to note that these inequalities don't just appear at a global scale, but can be seen at a national scale within countries. Some of the physical factors that can cause uneven development are based on climate, the production of raw materials, and country placement. the division of the world into major economic centers, centers of manufacturing, and extremely poor communities. Improve maternal health combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases. Answer: Migration is the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or across national borders. Answer: Environmental justice refers to the fair treatment of all people in terms of environmental decision-making and the distribution of environmental risks and benefits. answer choices Image 2 shows an innovation that occurred in the Second Agricultural Revolution, reducing the amount of labor needed and increasing crop yields. Pull factors are the things that attract people to a new country. The core, places like most of Europe and North America, where standards of living are high and most of the worlds products are consumed; the semi-periphery, where most manufacturing centers are and where standards of living are extremely variable; and the periphery, where most raw resources are harvested and people are extremely poor. For instance, in areas without access to clean water, people may spend significant time and effort collecting water, reducing their ability to pursue education or other economic opportunities. Sustainable development is a concept that refers to the use of natural resources in a way that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. LICs typically only export one type of product, such as coffee, which can mean they become reliant on this. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. The value of the total output of goods and services produced in a country in a given time period, usually one year. A development indicator is just data that helps show how developed a country is. True or false: life expectancy is often higher in LICs. endstream endobj startxref To show whether a country is developed, there are certain development indicators or Measures of Development. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all. 0 This describes the way that people become stuck in a vicious cycle of being poor. There are several ways in which sustainable development can be achieved, including: Implementing efficient use of resources: This can involve using renewable energy sources, reducing waste, and increasing resource productivity. The second sentence says that the people that buy these goods, also known as consumers, buy goods/services that they need and want. G) Explain the concept of a sustainable city and identify two features of a city that would make it more sustainable. Example: cutting down trees for houses, The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials. Coffee beans are a raw material. states that political & economic relationships b/w countries & regions control & limit the developmental possibilities of less well-off areas (e.g., imperialism caused colonies to be dependent - this helps sustain the prosperity of dominant areas & poverty of other regions); only at later stages of development does the core have a positive impact on the periphery (grants, loans, specialized economic zones,). 1. These factories are often owned by transnational corporations and are located in countries with lower labor and production costs. Check out the examples below to find out more. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger. Can teach locals new skills. Example: in charge of bus departures times, A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located. People usually migrate because of push and pull factors. One of the stages of growth model, helping in the understanding of the role of information systems, in an organization's strategy and its maturity. A. Example: The GDP of the USA Human Development Index (HDI) Indicator of level of development for each country, constructed by United Nations, combining income, literacy, education, and life expectancy. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. Deindustrialization is the process of a region or country losing its industrial base and shifting towards a service-based economy. an attempt to measure the quality of life or well-being of a country. secondary and tertiary economic activities, primary and secondary economic activities. An example of how it can be used to manipulate political outcomes is the drawing of congressional districts in the United States, where the boundaries of districts are often manipulated to create safe seats for one party or the other. B) Describe two social or cultural consequences of population growth, providing an example of each. They can provide a wide range of ecotourism opportunities, such as wildlife watching, hiking, and cultural tours. Protecting and conserving natural resources: This can involve conserving biodiversity, protecting natural habitats, and managing natural resources in a sustainable way. There are several key principles of sustainable development, including: Intergenerational equity: This principle refers to the idea that the needs of future generations should be considered when making decisions about the use of natural resources. Lack of investment By the MDCs continues to keep these countries in poverty Biomass energy: This type of energy is generated using organic matter, such as wood, crops, and animal waste, as a fuel source. Coastal and marine areas: These are areas along the coast or in the ocean that are rich in biodiversity and provide opportunities for ecotourism activities such as snorkeling, diving, and whale watching. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. Wind energy: This type of energy is generated using wind turbines that convert the kinetic energy of the wind into electricity. Sustainable Development Goals The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all. Uneven development can cause a larger gap between the rich and poor within countries, too. Investing in education and training is one way to improve human capital and promote economic development. One example of a growth pole is the development of a new port or transportation hub, which can create jobs and stimulate economic development in the surrounding region. For example, life expectancy in the UK in 2019 was 81.20 years old. Answer: Two social consequences of urbanization are increased social isolation and decreased community cohesion. It analyzes spatial interdependencies between social interactions and the environment through qualitative and . Anything not within this line shows the LDCs of the world. It is based on the principles of conservation, education, and sustainability, and aims to provide a positive economic and cultural exchange between visitors and local communities. Example: The HDI of India Students also viewed Ap Human Geography: Unit 2: Chapter 10 40 terms katebradley0 chem 21 terms Carolinek285 Adventure tourism: This type of ecotourism involves participating in activities such as rafting, kayaking, and rock climbing in natural settings. Answer: Climate change can impact population growth by leading to increased food and water insecurity, which can exacerbate conflicts and displacement. It forms its own sovereign nation-state predominately made up of the Irish ethnic group. True or false: microfinance loans can help individuals escape poverty. Answer: One example of a policy designed to address the challenges of migration is refugee resettlement programs, which provide support and resources to refugees who have been forced to flee their homes. Let's take a look at some physical, economic, and historical causes of this uneven development. D) Describe one way in which climate change can impact population growth. For each value of d.fd . The terms are listed in the order of the reading for each book. Are we all living equally? an index for measurement of gender disparity. We measure development in Geography by using development indicators. The effects of uneven development include wealth disparities, health disparities, and international migration. The Sun Belt is a region of the United States that includes the southeastern and southwestern states and is known for its warm climate and rapid population and economic growth. For instance, as cities become more crowded, people may feel disconnected from their communities and may be less likely to engage in community events or activities. Stop procrastinating with our study reminders. It is the transfer of products and goods between countries. Alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned and democratically run cooperatives and requires employers to pay workers fair wages, permit union organizing, and comply with minimum environmental and safety standards. That is what this whole unit is about. Definitions for Topics 7.1-7.8. Promote gender equality and empower women. Assume an income tax rate of 40%. In some cases, this can result in conflict or civil unrest. By using JIT, the car manufacturer can respond more quickly to changes in demand and adjust its production levels accordingly. Due to the nature of the global economy the wealthiest countries can rely on the poorest countries to provide the bulk of their primary economic activities and the semi-developed countries to provide the bulk of their secondary economic activities. Students were awarded a point only if they stated both sides of the comparison. A classic example of this that is mentioned often is the Rust Belt experience of the Midwest. L/$;cqHi}1Kl@g;)k{Qf7og\E[ah]iahz +qp)4 1) Traditional society - Based on subsistence farming, fishing, forestry, and some mining Is areas that provide the majority of the resources for the industrial core. Hiking and backpacking: This type of ecotourism involves exploring natural areas on foot, often along trails or in wilderness areas. None of these answers is correct; the Core-Periphery Model is no longer used by geographers. For example, urban areas often provide more job opportunities than rural areas, but income inequality may also be higher in urban areas. Required: 1. . It can provide opportunities to challenge oneself and to appreciate the natural beauty and adventure of different regions. The Central African Republic has a current life expectancy of 54.022. Demand and prices can change for these products; if there is an increased supply of the raw materials, then the price will be much lower. Percentage of a country's people who can read and write. Use ordinary interest at exact time to solve. nLy,En[SP development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is a clean and environmentally friendly source of power that does not produce greenhouse gases or other harmful emissions. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. the number of live births per thousand of population per year. Answer: Globalization can impact resource distribution by creating an increased demand for certain resources, leading to increased extraction and export of those resources from certain regions. B) Explain two social or cultural consequences of migration, providing an example of each. The idea that resources come from the periphery and go to the core. Example: The productivity of a certain car, five steps through which all countries must pass to become developed. Possible Answers: In Bangladesh, ___ were used to filter out cholera from water. Answer: Two economic consequences of migration include increased remittances and potential job displacement. Prepare the appropriate journal entry to record Ameens 2016 income taxes. Fig. Wildlife watching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and photographing wildlife in their natural habitat. People in the poorest parts of the world are primarily engaged in _____________. It can also force people to leave a country. Does that sound easy enough to understand? The idea that an imaginary line can be draw around the north pole roughly (excluding Australia) that encompasses the MDCs of the world. Create beautiful notes faster than ever before. An example of population distribution is the fact that China's natural physical conditions resulted in uneven population distribution. This is vastly uneven globally; let's take a look at some of the reasons why. Most of the people in wealthy countries are employed in __________. More industrialized. However, most of the trade systems are controlled by HICs or Transnational Corporations (TNCs). There is a huge contrast in the number of people living in eastern China compared to the distribution in the western part of the country. Example: making clothes, The portion of the economy concerned with transportation, communications, and utilities, sometimes extended to the provision of all goods and services to people in exchange for payment. The effects of suburbanization are declining central city use, uneven development, declining park space, and pollution as suburban and urban sprawl both continue. There are many causes of uneven development; physical (climate, the natural resource curse, and landlocked countries), economic (the cycle of poverty, global trading systems), and historical (colonialism). Wealth disparities can result in large inequalities in standards of living, where some people have less access to safe water supplies, sufficient food, education, housing, security or even healthcare. The Development Continuum can show a scale of development, showing the least and most developed countries, and those in between. Answer: Urban planning can mitigate the negative effects of urbanization by promoting sustainable development and creating green spaces. Answer: Two social or cultural consequences of population growth include increased urbanization and changes in family structure. Answer: Urbanization is the process by which cities grow in size and number as more people move from rural areas to urban areas. Uneven development describes how development is different across the world. the Endangered Languages Program (ELP)), promote bilingual education, or support the development of language revitalization programs in indigenous communities. The effectiveness of such programs may depend on factors such as community involvement, funding, and support from government and educational institutions. Where is a good example of tourism helping to close the development gap? The spatial grouping of people or activities for mutual benefit. Life expectancy is the amount of time a person is likely to live. Answer: Migration is often tied to political issues such as nationalism, citizenship, and border control, as governments may seek to regulate or limit migration flows. Which of the following statements is best supported by the images? Renewable energy has several benefits over non-renewable energy sources. example, "Population") was also useful for answering the question, especially in parts B and C. Sample: 3A Score: 6
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